The Lake Toba

A long time ago, there lived a young orphan farmer in the northern part of the island of Sumatra. The area is very dry. Syahdan, the young man lived from farming and fishing. One day he was fishing a fish so beautiful. The color is golden yellow. So holding, the fish turned into a lovely princess. The daughter of a woman who was condemned for violating a ban. He will turn into a kind of creature that first touch. Therefore, human touches it, it turns into a princess.

Fascinated by her beauty, the young farmer's daughter asked her to be his wife. The proposal is accepted on condition that the young man would not tell its origin from the farmer ikan.Pemuda the terms agreed. After a year, the couple blessed with a boy. He has a bad habit that is never satiated. He ate all the food.

One day the boy was eating all the food from their parents. The young man was very upset saying: "basic offspring of fish!" That statement by itself isterinya.Dengan thus unlock the secrets of their promise has been violated.

His wife and son disappeared mysteriously. The land of their former footing menyemburlah springs. The water that flows from the spring growing bigger and bigger. And being a vast lake. The lake is now called Lake Toba.

oOo

Story Of Aryo Menak

Narrated live in the era of Aryo Menak, Madura island is still very fertile. Forest is very dense. Yellowing rice fields.

Aryo Menak is a young man who is very fond of wandering into the woods. On a full moon, when he was resting under a tree near a lake, he saw a very bright light glowed on the edge of the lake. Slowly he approached the light source was. What a surprise, when he saw seven angels were in the shower and frolic there.

He was very fascinated by their beauty. Arises a desire to have them. And he crept, then quickly taken a shawl from the angels.

Shortly thereafter, the fairies out of the shower and rushed to take their clothes. So they flew to his palace in heaven except the youngest. Fairies can not fly without a shawl. And he was sad and crying.

Aryo Menak then approached him. He pretended not to know what happened. He asked what happened to the angel. Then he said: "It may be the will of the gods that dwell on the earth angels for a while. Should not be sad. Promise I will accompany and entertain you."

Angel is apparently believed by Arya Menak spiel. And he did not resist when Arya Menak offered him to stay at home Menak Arya. Furthermore Arya Menak proposed. Angel and even then accept it.

It is said, that the angel still have supernatural powers. He can cook a pot of rice just of a grain of rice. Condition is Arya Menak should not watch it.

One day, Arya Menak be curious. Rice granaries never diminished even though angel cook every day. When his wife was not at home, he settles into the kitchen where his wife and opened the pot to cook rice. This action makes magic vanished wife.

Nymphs are very surprised to learn what happened. From then on, he had to cook rice from Arya Menak barn. Rice rose gradually dwindle. One day, the basic barn in sight. What a surprise when he saw the angel pops shawl is missing. One look at those scarves, raised his desire to return to heaven. On one night, he wore clothes back all the heaven. His body became lighter, he is able to fly to his palace.

Arya Menak be very sad. Because of curiosity, angel left her. Since then he and his descendants abstain for consuming rice

The Stroty of Aji Saka

Once upon a time, there was a kingdom named Medang Kamulan ruled by king named Prabu Dewa Cengkar who wild and likes to eat human. Every day the king takes a man who was taken by Patih Jugul Young. A small portion of the people who fret and fear fled secretly to other areas.

In the hamlet of Kawit Medang a young man named Aji Saka powerful, industrious and good-natured. One day, Aji Saka managed to help an old man who was beaten by two robbers. Old man who eventually appointed by Aji Saka's father turned out to refugees from Medang Kamulan. Hearing stories about the King of Gods Cengkar savagery, Aji Saka Medang Kamulan intend to help people. By wearing a turban on the head of Aji Saka went to Medang Kamulan.

The journey to Medang Kamulan not smooth, Aji Saka had fought for seven days and seven nights with the devil forest watchman, because Aji Saka refused enslaved by demonic gatekeepers for ten years before being allowed to pass through the forest.

But thanks to the miracle, Aji Saka managed to escape from the vicious flame. Shortly after praying Aji Saka, a beam of light from the sky hit the yellow highlight demons at once eliminate forest dwellers.

Aji Saka arrived in Medang Kamulan quiet. In the palace, King of the Gods are angry because Patih Cengkar Young Jugul not bring the victim to the King.

With bold, facing King Aji Saka Cengkar Gods and gave himself to be eaten by the King in exchange for the use of the land area of ​​the turban.

When they are measuring soil on demand Aji Saka, turban stretches so wide breadth exceeds King of Gods kingdom Cengkar. King was angry after knowing the real intentions of Aji Saka was to end his despotism.

When the King of the Gods Cengkar angry, Aji Saka turban wrapped strongly around the body of the King. King of the Gods Cengkar body thrown Aji Saka and crashed into the sea south and was lost in the waves.

Aji Saka then crowned king Medang Kamulan. He brought his father to the palace. Thanks to a just and wise government, Aji Saka kingdom Medang Kamulan to deliver the golden era, an era where people live quiet, peaceful, prosperous and prosperous.

Malin Kundang

At one time, there lived a family of fishermen on the coast of Sumatra. The family consists of father, mother and a son, named Malin Kundang. Due to poor financial condition of the family, the father decided to make a living in the country by wading across a vast ocean.

Then the Malin and his mother lived in their huts. A week, two weeks, one month, two months or more duration is 1 year, Malin's father did not return to his hometown. So his mother had to replace the position of Malin's father to make a living. Malin including a smart kid but a little naughty. He often chasing chickens and hit him with a broom. One day, when Malin was chasing chickens, she tripped over a rock and hit a rock right arm injury. The wounds became trace dilengannya and can not be lost.

After growing up, Malin Kundang feel sorry for his mother who worked hard to make a living to raise themselves. He thinks to make a living in the country side in the hope of later when returning home, he had become a wealthy man. Malin interested in the invitation of a merchant ship captain who was once poor now have become a wealthy man.

Malin Kundang expressed intention to his mother. His mother does not agree with the original intent Kundang, but because Malin kept pushing, she finally agreed Kundang albeit with a heavy heart. After preparing supplies and equipment to taste, Malin immediately headed to the dock to be escorted by his mother. "My son, if you have a successful and affluent people, do not you forget about your mother and halamannu this village, son," said Mrs. Malin Kundang in tears.

Ships that climbed Malin increasingly away with a wave accompanied Mrs. Malin Kundang. During his time on the ship, Malin Kundang a lot to learn about seamanship on the crew who are experienced. Along the way, suddenly climbed Malin Kundang ships were attacked by pirates. All merchandise traders who were on the ship seized by pirates. Even most of the crew and people on the ship were killed by the pirates. Malin Kundang very lucky he was not killed by the pirates, because when it happened, Malin immediately hid in a small space enclosed by timber.

Malin Kundang adrift on the high seas, until finally the host ship stranded on a beach. With the rest of the existing power, Malin Kundang walked to the nearest village from the beach. Arriving in the village, Malin Kundang helped by people in the village after previously telling what happened to him. Malin village where villagers stranded is very fertile. With tenacity and perseverance in work, Malin gradually managed to become a wealthy man. He has a lot of merchant ships with men of more than 100 people. After becoming rich, Malin Kundang marry a girl to be his wife.

News Kundang who has become rich and have been married to the mother also Malin Kundang. Mother Malin Kundang feel grateful and very happy his son had succeeded. Since then, the mother Malin Kundang every day to go to the dock, waiting for his son who might return to his hometown.

After a long marriage, Malin and his wife set sail with a large and beautiful ship with the crew as well as a lot of bodyguards. Malin Kundang mother who every day waiting for his son, saw a very beautiful ship, into the harbor. He saw two people standing on the deck of a ship. He believes that it is his standing and his wife Malin Kundang.

Malin Kundang were off the ship. He was greeted by his mother. Once close enough, she saw twelve people injured dilengan right, the more convinced his mother that he was approached Malin Kundang. "Malin Kundang, my son, why did you go so long without sending the news?", She said as she hugged Kundang. But what happens then? Malin Kundang immediately release his mother's arms and pushed him to fall. "Women do not know myself, carelessly claimed as my mother," says Malin Kundang to his mother. Malin Kundang pretended not to recognize her, because of embarrassment with his elderly mother and dressed in rags. "She's your mother?", Malin Kundang wife Tanya. "No, he was just a beggar who pretended to be admitted as a mother in order to get my treasure," Malin said to his wife. Heard the statement and mistreated by her son, Malin Kundang mother very angry. He had not expected her to be rebellious child. Because of mounting anger, Malin's mother lifted her hand and said, "Oh God, if he was my son, I sumpahi he became a rock". Not long after strong winds and violent storms rumble came to destroy the ship Malin Kundang. After that Kundang body slowly becomes rigid and in time they finally shaped into a rock.

Moral message: As a child, do not ever forget all parent services primarily to a mother who is pregnant and raise their children, especially when it comes to being a rebellious child. Disobedience to parents is a major sin that will be borne by the child.

The Pinocchio

In a city, there is a shop owned puppet maker named Geppetto. “How wonderful if this sweet doll being a kid.”

After he whispered, a miracle happened. “Good afternoon, Papa.” Dolls talked and started walking. With a great joy, he said, “From today, you are my son. I’ll give you the name, Pinocchio. “” In order to be a smart kid, you start for school tomorrow!”

The next morning, he sold clothes and with that money he bought Pinocchio an ABC book. “Learn by using this book!” “Thank you, Papa. I go to school, and will study hard.” “Be careful!” Said him.

But from the opposite direction to the school, there was a voice, “Drum, dum, dum, dum.” When Pinokio turned out, then it was a puppet tent. Pinocchio then sold his ABC book to buy a ticket and went to the puppet. Inside the tent, a doll girl would have besieged by the warriors sword. “Look! the soldiers were evil …” He got up to the stage, and hit the soldier doll. The doll broke and fell down. The owner of the play was angry and tried to catch him and threw him into the fire. “I’m sorry. If I burned, my papa will be so sad” said Pinocchio. “I promised to papa to attend school diligently. Because of compassion, the owner of theatre released him and gave him a few coins. “Use this money to purchase the books,” said the owner.

Then Pinocchio went to buy a book. But on the way, Fox and Cat saw that situation. They were greeted him friendly. “Good afternoon, Pinocchio. If the gold increases, your papa definitely more excited, right?”

How do I add this gold? “Ask Pinocchio. “That’s easy. You can put it under a magical tree. Then go to sleep, so when you wake up, the tree will bear a lot of gold.” Pinocchio then escorted by a fox and cat, he planted the golden money under a magical tree. When Pinocchio began to take a nap. Foxes and cats dig the hole and hanged Pinocchio under the tree, after that they went away.

Please ….. “cried Pinocchio when he woke up and knew he was hung on the tree. A fairy who saw the him, sent an eagle to help. Eagle brought Pinocchio with his beak, and took him to the room where the fairy had been waiting for. He was laid on a bed and given a medicine.

“Well, take this medicine then you will get better soon. After it you may come back to your house, Ok?” The fairy said. “It’s better to die than drink a bitter medicine.” Pinocchio continues to reject. Then the fairy eventually became angry, “Plakkkk!” She slapped Pinokio. Then suddenly came four rabbits that carried the coffin. Pinocchio shocked, he quickly drank the bitter medicine. “Pinocchio, why don’t you go to school?” Ask the Fairy. “Hmm .. on the road, I sold my books for poor children starving and bought the bread. That’s why I could not go to school ….” Suddenly “syuut” Pinocchio’s nose began to elongate. “Pinocchio!” If you lie, your nose will stretch up to the sky.” “I’m sorry. I will not lie anymore.” Pinocchio apologized. The fairy smiled, and ordered a woodpecker pecking at Pinocchio’s nose, so that it restored the its original shape. “Let’s go back to the house, and learning at school!”

On the way home, Pinocchio met the train world playing. Pinocchio could not resist the temptation to ride. Pinocchio has forgotten his promise to the fairy and every day he was just playing around.

There one day, he surprised to see his face on the surface of the water. “Ah! my ears change to be the donkey ears! I also have the tail,” he cried. Finally Pinocchio became a donkey and sold to the circus. Pinocchio had broken his promise to the fairy, so he got punished.

Each day he was whipped, and had to jump over a hot fire circle. Although scared, Pinocchio still jumping. Eventually he fell until he broke his leg. Circus owner became angry. “Dumb donkey! You are better disposed to the sea.” Pinocchio then thrown into the sea. “Blup blup blup” Pinocchio sank to the bottom of the sea, then the fishes came to bite him. Then the donkey skin apart, and from it emerged the real him. “Thanks the fish.” Actually, the fairy saw that Pinocchio had realized his mistake and ordered the fish to help him.

While swimming, Pinocchio promised to hisself  “When I go home I will do to school and study hard. I also will help papa doing his jobs ate home.” By that time “…. Hrrr, a large shark came closer with a creepy voice.” Haaa …. Please. “Pinocchio being swallowed by a huge shark. “Hap” In the belly of a shark was completely dark. But in the distance, a beam of light was visible. It was his father, Geppetto.

Papa!” “Pinocchio!” They both hugged each other. “I went to the sea to look for you, and I was swallowed by the shark. Fortunately, we are saved! “

Let’s get out of here!” “I do not want to if not together with Papa.” When the shark was sleeping, Pinocchio escape from the shark’s mouth with his papa carrying on his back.

Papa, from now on I’ll more obey you. “Suddenly there was a shining light around,” Pinocchio, you have been a good boy.” Suddenly the fairy appeared, and changed the puppet Pinocchio become a human child.

“Beauty And The Beast”

Once upon a time, in a beautiful place there was a merchant who had three beautiful daughters named, Pretty, Sweety, and Beauty. One day, when the traders would gone to the market, all three daughters asked for something when he returned. Pretty asked him to buy a pretty dress, Sweety asked pearls but Beauty only wanted a rose.

When the merchant finished his business, he quickly went home. However, a sudden storm hit that forced him to stop on the way and seek shelter. Then he saw a large palace but he did not meet to one there, the merchants finally decided to take refuge in the castle.

On the next day, when the storm that blow subsided, the traders decided to continue the return journey. When he wished to get out of the palace, he saw a very beautiful rose contained in the palace garden. Remember his promise to Beauty, he ventured to pluck the roses. But suddenly a figure was with terrible beast out. Beast was angry because he found someone who dared to steal his roses.

Animals that wanted to kill the merchant. But traders beg to apologize to him. Then he told him that he promised to give a rose to her youngest daughter when she returned home.

“I will spare your life, but with one condition, bring your child to me!” The beast word.

The traders came back to his home with his face looked sad. He told the story to his family belong to Beauty.

“Dad, I’ll do anything for my father. Do not worry. I’ll live with it and save the lives of animals Dad!” Beauty said willingly.

Then Beauty began to live with the wild animals in the palace. At first, Beauty afraid of the beast, but then he knew that the beast was actually kind. In a short time, Beauty and the beast had became good friends.

The wild animals felt glad there were women who wanted to live with him. Loneliness experienced by many years was now gone. One day, the wild animals ventured weeks to ask Beauty to be his wife. Surprised, Beauty said no to the proposal from the wild animals. But the beast was not angry about it. Even the next day, the Beast brought the magic mirror to see his family were far away as a gift for her.

And one day, when Beauty was seeing the magic mirror she saw her father was seriously ill. He asked permission from the wild animal to let him take care of his father. Beast that could not refuse the request of the woman he loved. But the beast was requesting Beauty must be returned with in 7 days. Beauty was very grateful and rushed home to his family and take care of his father.

The merchant felt ill because of a broken heart knowing his beloved youngest daughter went and lived with wild animals because they wanted to protect him, his father. When Beauty stayed with him, the trader condition began to improve. However, Beauty forgot his promise to return to the palace within 7 days. In the evenings, Beauty got nightmares. He dreamed that the animals were dying.

Beauty scared, so she decided to return to the palace immediately. In the palace, she found the animal lying on the ground with his eyes closed. Beauty sad, then she hugged the animal and said that she would be her couple. Suddenly a miracle happened. The wild animals magically transformed into a handsome man.

“Actually, I was a prince of the palace. An evil witch turned me into an animal and only true love of a girl who was willing to accept me for that could turned me back to normal. Then the Beauty and the prince got married and lived happily in the palace forever.

http://www.sekolahbahasainggris.com/dongeng-singkat-beauty-and-the-beast-dalam-bahasa-inggris/

Timun Mas

Long time ago, living a couple of farmers. They live in a village near the forest. They live happy, unfortunately they have not only was a child also.
Every day they pray to the God. They pray to be soon be a child. One day a giant passes where they reside. Giant prayer is heard that wife’s husband. Giant then provide them with seeds cucumber.
“Plant seeds of this, Later you will soon get a female child,” said the giant.
“Thank you, giant,” said the couple.
“But there is condition, at the age of 17 years the child must be submitted with you to me,” the giant reply.
Without thinking long they agree, because it wanted a child.
Husband and wife farmers to plant the seeds cucumber. Every day they start caring for the plants that grow with it as best as possible. Many months and then bear a cucumber with golden color.
Fruit cucumber that the longer become larger and heavier. When the fruit is ripe, they take it, carefully slit the fruit. Sudenlly, in the fruit is found in infants of women who are very beautiful. Couple was very happy, they gave the name of the baby Timun Mas.
Year after year passed, Timun Mas grown into a beautiful girl. Both parents are very proud of her. But they became very afraid, because in the anniversary Timun Mas at 17, the giant will back. The giant take back that promises to take Timun Mas.
Farmers are trying to calm. “Wait a moment. Timun Mas playing. My wife would called her,” he said. Farmers find it immediately to her doughter. “My girl, take this,” she said while giving a cloth bag. “This will help fight the giant. Now flee as soon as possible,” she said. So even Timun Mas immediately fled.
Couple on the sad departure Timun Mas. But they are not willing if their child become food giant. Giant waiting long time. He was not a patient. He knew, was that lied by couple of farmers. And he also destroyed the huts of the farmers. Then it was to pursue Timun Mas to forest.
Giant run chase immediately Timun Mas. Near the gian,Timun Mas immediately take the handful of salt from the cloth pouch. Then salt spread it to the giant. Suddenly a wide sea also unfold. Giant forced to swim with great difficulty.
Timun Mas ran again. But then most successful giant come closer. Timun Mas again taking bizarre objects from a cloth bag. He took the handful chili. Chili throwed to the giant. At once the tree branches and sharp thorns of the giant trap. Giant cried in pain. Timun Mas while running to save herself.
But the giant is really strong. He was again nearly captured Timun Mas. So Timun Mas is also a third issue of miraculous. She sow seeds Cucumber magic. At once grow the cucumber garden very knowledgeable. Giant very tired and hungry. He also eat the fresh cucumber with oneself. Because of too much eating, giant was slept.
Timun Mas again fled. She ran for dear life. But long run power out. More unlucky again because a giant awakened from sleep. Giant again almost catch her. Timun Mas very terrified. He also threw the last tool handful shrimp paste. Again, miracles happen. A lake of mud spread wide. Giant fall into it. Hands almost reach Timun Mas. But the lake mud is basic to withdraw it. Giant panic, he can not breathe, then submerged.
Timun Mas relieved. She has survived, Timun Mas is also return to home to their parents. Father and mother’s Timun Mas happy to see Timun Mas be save. They held, “Thank you, God. You have to save my girl,” said their delighted.
Since that time Timun Mas can live quietly with her parents. They can be happy without living in fear again.


http://www.belajaringgris.net/dongeng-timun-mas-dalam-bahasa-inggris-1933.html

The Legend of Tanjung Menangis

Once upon a time there were a great empire on the island of Halmahera. King had recently died. He left two sons and one daughter. They named Majesty Arif, son Binaut Majesty and Majesty Princess Nuri. Binaut king’s sons really wanted the position as king to succeed his father. The desire was conveyed to the royal governor. “I had to replace the position of my father.” Said Binaut to the duke with confidence.

In order for the duke of supporting the plan, then Binaut gave promise that the office of the regent will be retained, and he will be rewarded gold diamond. Thanks persuasions and promises that, the duke agreed to support Binaut be king. The duke immediately set the royal guards to catch Majesty the Queen, Son and Daughter Sire Sire Arif Nuri. Once captured, they were thrown in the dungeon.

“Kanda Binaut really cruel! Greedy! Do not know myself! “Vituperation daughter Nuri sire with great emotion. However, Majesty Queen requested that Nuri patience and resignation in the face of this ordeal. “The truth will seem right and wrong will seem wrong. And the one that would later receive a just punishment, “said Majesty the Queen entertains with full of motherhood, how very hurt to see his biological son atrocities.

Binaut feel excited after plunging mother and siblings to prison. He announced to the people that the royal Majesty the Queen and their children experiencing disaster at sea. At that, the king’s son Binaut ask the court to the authorities immediately sworn in as king. Since then, the King Binaut being arrogant and snobby. He is considered as the most powerful king on earth.

For the benefit of himself, he ordered all the people of the kingdom to work diligently to build a magnificent palace. In addition, various levies imposed taxes, including taxes crops, animal tax, land tax. “Unbelievable! King Binaut exploiters and oppressors of the people, “said one resident to another. They complained to the regulations issued by the King Binaut extremely detrimental to the people. However, they are afraid to protest, let alone stand up to the king, must be punished heavily.

There was a palace maid named Wisdom. He escaped from the palace and form a formidable force against the king Binaut. At the very least, they can free Majesty the Queen and her son and daughter. “We must act quickly to save them,” Wise said hopefully. This is supported by his friends.

At that time, many court officials who have defected to join the Wise. Wise had been studying how the rescue was conducted. If rescue is successful, planned conduct incursions into the court of King Binaut. Thanks to the wise leadership, in an instant they had rescued Majesty the Queen and her children were imprisoned Binaut. They were immediately taken to the woods.

“I thanked infinite,” said Majesty the Queen with a hiccup. They look emaciated because during incarceration in the basement rarely eat and drink. Wise also convey to Your Majesty the Queen will hold the attack on the palace. But Majesty the Queen does not agree, he did not want blood on their own people. Greed, cruelty, envy and jealousy to be inferior to that submitted petitions to the Lord.

King Binaut apply arbitrarily to its people. The duke who has always supported the King’s decision eventually Binaut not happy with the behavior of the King. But he did not dare to issue a stance against. If that made sure he was fired and thrown in jail. When the prison was filled with the detainees. “Who against King, punishment penjaralah place.” That arrogance King Binaut. Because he was the most powerful and high.

Namn unexpectedly, a natural disaster occurs. A very powerful volcanic eruption. Hot lava flows in all directions. Binaut King’s Palace was the subject of hot lava. Apparently most of the hot lava had devastating devastated palace buildings newly constructed from the sweat of the people. King Binaut confusion for cover. He ran helter-skelter not knowing where to go.

Surprisingly, lava as if chasing wherever the King Binaut run. “Please-please!” Cried Binaut. Hot lava that gradually Binaut foot stuck. Immediately his feet blistered and peeling skin. He tried to not stop running. Hot lava began to creep into his body. He was tortured. When he suffered torture hot lava that he remembers his mother. He begged forgiveness. “Forgive me, Mom! Excuse me, ma’am! I can not endure this suffering! I will not betray my mother, brother and sister Arif Nuri again. Please forgive me! Mom! Mom! “Shouted Binaut pain. But the cry is lost slowly and eventually he died.

Binaut’s body washed up on a beach. Immediately the place was turned into a cape. That said, the cape was often heard people crying for mercy because they suffered extreme torture. Now the place was called the Cape terdamparnya Binaut Crying.

 

 

http://cerita-inggris-indonesia.blogspot.com/2014/03/kumpulan-dongeng-bahasa-inggris-singkat.html

SANGKURIANG

Long time ago in West Java, lived a beautiful girl named Dayang Sumbi. She was also smart and clever. Her beauty and intelligence made a prince from the heavenly kingdom of Kahyangan desire her as his wife. The prince asked permission from his father to marry Dayang Sumbi. People from Kahyangan could never live side by side with humans, but his father approved on one condition, when they had a child, the prince would transform into a dog. The prince accepted the condition.
They get married and lived happily in the woods until Dayang Sumbi gave birth to a baby boy. The prince then changed into a dog named Tumang. Their son is named Sangkuriang. He was very smart and handsome like his father. Everyday, he hunted animals and looked for fruits to eat. One day, when he was hunting, Sangkuriang accidentally killed Tumang. His arrow missed the deer he was targeting and hit Tumang instead. He went home and tells her mother about the dog. “What?” Dayang Sumbi was appalled. Driven by sadness and anger, she grabbed a weaving tool and hit Sangkuriang’s head with it. Dayang Sumbi was so sad; she didn’t pay any attention to Sangkuriang and started to cry.
Sangkuriang feel sad and also confused. How can his mother love a dog more than him? Sangkuriang then decided to go away from their home and went on a journey. In the morning, Dayang Sumbi finally stopped crying. She started to feel better, so she went to find Sangkuriang. But her son was no where to be found. She looked everywhere but still couldn’t find him. Finally, she went home with nothing. She was exhausted. She fell asleep, and in her dream, she meets her husband. “Dayang Sumbi, don’t be sad. Go look for my body in the woods and get the heart. Soak it with water, and use the water to bathe, and you will look young forever,” said the prince in her dream. After bathing with the water used to soak the dog’s heart, Dayang Sumbi looked more beautiful and even younger.
And time passed by. Sangkuriang on his journey stopped at a village and met and fell in love with a beautiful girl.He didn’t realize that the village was his homeland and the beautiful girl was his own mother, Dayang Sumbi. Their love grew naturally and he asked the girl to marry him. One day, Sangkuriang was going on a hunt. He asked Dayang Sumbi to fix the turban on his head. Dayang Sumbi was startled when she saw a scar on his head at the same place where she, years ago, hit Sangkuriang on the head.
After the young man left, Dayang Sumbi prayed for guidance. After praying, she became convinced that the young man was indeed her missing son. She realized that she had to do something to prevent Sangkuriang from marrying her. But she did not wish to disappoint him by cancelling the wedding. So, although she agreed to marry Sangkuriang, she would do so only on the condition that he provides her with a lake and built a beautiful boat, all in one night.
Sangkuriang accepted this condition without a doubt. He had spent his youth studying magical arts. After the sun went down, Sangkuriang went to the hill. Then he called a group of genie to build a dam around Citarum River. Then, he commands the genies to cut down trees and build a boat. A few moments before dawn, Sangkuriang and his genie servants almost finished the boat.
Dayang Sumbi, who had been spying on him, realised that Sangkuriang would fulfill the condition she had set. Dayang Sumbi immediately woke all the women in the village and asked them to wave a long red scarf. All the women in the village were waving red scarf, making it look as if dawn was breaking. Deceived by false dawn, the cock crowed and farmers rose for the new day.
Sangkuriang’s genie servants immediately dropped their work and ran for cover from the sun, which they feared. Sangkuriang grew furious. With all his anger, he kicked the unfinished boat. The boat flew and landed on a valley. The boat then became a mountain, called Mount Tangkuban Perahu (Tangkuban means upturned or upside down, and Perahu means boat). With his power, he destroyed the dam. The water drained from the lake becoming a wide plain and nowadays became a city called Bandung (from the word Bendung, which means Dam).

http://www.belajaringgris.net/cerita-rakyat-sangkuriang-dalam-bahasa-inggris-1216.html

Mouse Deer and Crocodile

One day, Mouse Deer went down to the river to take a drink. But he knew that the crocodile might be waiting underwater to eat him, so he said out loud. “I wonder if the water’s warm. I’ll put in my leg and find out.” Of course Mouse Deer didn’t put in his leg. He picked up a stick instead and put one end into the water. Chomp…! Crocodile grabbed the stick and pulled it underwater. Mouse Deer laughed. “Ha… ha…ha… Stupid crocodile! Cant you tell the difference between a stick and a leg?” Then Mouse Deer ran off to drink somewhere else.
In the next day, Mouse Deer wanted to cross the river. He wanted to eat the fruits on the other side of the river. He saw a floating log in the river. He knew that Crocodile looked like a log when he floated. Mouse Deer didn’t want to be eaten by Crocodile when he crosses the river. He had an idea. He called out loud, “Crocodile!” Crocodile rose from the water, “Hello, Mouse Deer. Have you come to be my lunch?” Mouse Deer smiled. “Sorry, not today, Crocodile. I have orders from the King. He wants to invite all the crocodiles in this river to a party. He wants me to count all the crocodiles so he could prepare enough meal for you.”
“Really…? Tell us what to do,” said Crocodile. “You must line up from this side of the river to the other side,” said Mouse Deer. Crocodile then got all his friends and family. They lined up across the river. Mouse Deer then jumped onto Crocodile’s back. “One,” he counted. He jumped onto the next crocodile, “Two.” And the next crocodile, “Three.” Mouse Deer kept jumping until he arrived on the other side of the river. “How many are there?” asked Crocodile. “Just enough,” said Mouse Deer. He laughed as he ran to the forest.***

http://www.belajaringgris.net/cerita-kancil-dan-buaya-versi-bahasa-inggris-1224.html

Pengertian Serta Rumus Kalimat Passive Voice

Pengertian Serta Rumus Kalimat Passive Voice – Pernah dengar tentang passive voice? Passive voice adalah salah satu kaidah atau aturan yang digunakan dalam berbahasa Inggris. Kali ini kita akan mengenal definisi, aturan dan beragam contoh kalimat passive voice :

Definisi passive voice

Dalam bahasa Indonesia, passive voice bisa diartikan sebagai kalimat pasif yang membuat subyek kalimat tidak membuat aksi melainkan menjadi penerima aksi. Contohnya, bila dalam kalimat aktif kita membuat kalimat berupa “ibu menggoreng ikan”, maka dalam kalimat pasif kita bisa mengubahnya menjadi kalimat “ikan digoreng ibu”. Hal yang sama juga akan kita lakukan bila membuat passive voice dalam aturan bahasa Inggris.

Rumus dasar passive voice

Untuk membuat passive voice, rumus dasar yang harus kita gunakan adalah

subject + auxiliary verb + verb 3.

Auxiliary verb yang akan kita gunakan untuk membuat passive voice bisa berupa primary auxiliary verb (is, am, are, were, was, be, been dan being) atau bisa juga berupa kombinasi antara 2 primary (will be, have been dan perpaduan primary lainnya).

Selain harus menggunakan auxiliary verb, passive voice juga hanya bisa dibuat bila kalimatnya menggunakan kata kerja transitif (kata kerja yang bisa menggunakan obyek). Contoh kata kerja transitif misalnya membaca, membuang, memasak, membeli dan merobek.

Membuat passive voice dengan tenses

Agar kita bisa mempelajari passive voice yang diaplikasikan langsung dengan penggunaan tenses, maka kita harus menyimak informasi mengenai rumus passive voice dalam 16 tenses berikut ini :

No	Tenses	Active Voice (contoh kalimat)	Passive Voice (contoh kalimat)
1	Simple Present Tense	S + V1 + O	S + to be (am, are, is) + V3 + by + O
		My mother always cleans the floor every morning.	The floor is always cleaned by my mother every morning
2	Present Continuous Tense	S + to be (am, are, is) + V1-ing + O	S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O
		They are making a rainbow cake now.	A rainbow cake is being made by them now
3	Present Perfect Tense	S + to be (am, are, is) + being + V3 + by + O	S + have/has + been + V3 + by + O
		The manager has interviewed some candidates	Some candidates have been interviewed by the manager.
4	Present Perfect Continuous Tense	S + have/has + been + V1-ing + O	S + have/has + been + being + V3 + by + O
		Many people have been speaking English	English has been being spoken by many people
5	Simple Past Tense	S + V2 + O	S + to be (was, were) + V3 + by + O
		Fadhila watched the movie in the theatre last night.	The movie was watched by Fadhila in the theatre last night.
6	Past Continuous Tense	S + to be (was, were) + V1-ing + O	S + to be (was, were) + being + V3 + by + O
		She was buying some books last night.	Some books were being bought by her last night.
7	Past Perfect Tense	S + had not + V3 + O	S + had + been + V3 + by + O
		Carroll had made a good decision to leave Liverpool.	A good decision had been made by Carroll to leave Liverpool.
8	Past Perfect Continuous Tense	S + had + been + V1-ing + O	S + had + been + being + V3 + by + O
		She had been watering this plant.	This plant had been being watered by her.
9	Simple Future Tense	S + will not + V1 + O	S + will be + V3 + by + O
		The farmers are going to harvest the crops next week	The crops are going to be harvested by the farmers next week.
10	Future Continuous Tense	S + will + be + V1-ing + O	S + will + be + being + V3 + by + O
		He will be meeting them.	They will be being met by him.
11	Future Perfect Tense	S + will + have + V3 + O	S + will + have + been + V3 + by + O
		She will have watered this plant before I get here this afternoon.	This plant will have been watered by her before I get here this afternoon.
12	Future Perfect Continuous Tense	S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O	S + will + have + been + V1-ing + O
		She will have been watering this plant.	This plant will have been being watered by her.
13	Past Future Tense	S + would +  V1 + O	S + would + be + V3 + by + O
		We would buy a dictionary	A dictionary would be bought by us
14	Past Future Continuous Tense	S + would + be + V1-ing + O	S + would + be + being + V3 + by + O
		She would be listening to the music when the phone rang	The music would be being listened by her when the phone rang
15	Past Future Perfect Tense	S + would + have + V3 + O	S + would + have + been + V3 + by + O
		Many people would have spoken English	English would have been spoken by many people
16	Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense	S + would + have + been + V1-ing + O	S + would + have + been +being + V3 + by + O
		He would be meeting them.	They would be being met by him.

Pengecualian pada beberapa kata kerja transitif

Beberapa kata kerja transitif dalam bahasa Inggris ternyata tidak bisa diubah ke dalam bentukpassive voice lho. Kata kerja transitif seperti have, look, like, become, mean dan beberapa kata kerja transitif lainnya akan terasa aneh bila diubah ke dalam bentuk passive voice. Misalnya :

The candy contains aspartame.

tidak dapat dipasifkan menjadi : Aspartame is contained by the candy.

Jadi, kita harus lebih teliti menggunakan kata kerja transitif sebelum mengubahnya ke bentuk passive voice. Nah, sekarang kita pasti lebih memahami aturan penggunaan passive voice dalam bahasa Inggris. Jika kita berhasil menguasai aturan active voice dan passive voice, belajar bahasa Inggris diharapkan akan terasa makin mudah dan menyenangkan. Selamat belajar bahasa Inggris !

sumber: http://belajaringgris.web.id/rumus-passive-voice.html

Pengenalan Sistem Terdistribusi

Definisi Sitem Terdistribusi

Sistem Terdistribusi adalah Sekumpulan komputer otonom yang terhubung kesuatu jaringan, dimana bagi pengguna sistem terlihat sebagai satu komputer.

Dengan menjalankan sistem terdistribusi, komputer dapat melakukan : Koordinasi Aktifitas dan berbagi sumber daya: hardware, software dan data.

Contoh Sistem Terdistribusi

1. Sistem Telepon : ISDN, PSTN
2. Manajemen Jaringan: Adminstrasi sesumber jaringan
3. Network File System (NFS) : Arsitektur untuk mengakses
4. sistemfile melalui jaringan
5. WWW : Arsitektur client/server yang diterapkan diatas Infrastruktur internet, Shared Resource (melaluiURL)
6. dll

KeuntunganSistemTerdistribusi

• Performance
• Distribution
• Reliability (Fault tolerance)
• Incremental Growth
• Sharing Data/Resources

Kelemahan pada sistem terdistribusi adalah

1. Kesulitandalammembangunperangkatlunak
2. Bahasa pemrogramman, sistem operasi dll.
3. MasalahJaringan: merancang& mengimplementasikan sistem.
4. Masalah Keamanan: berbagidata/sumberdaya
5. Berkaitan dengan keamanan data dll.

KarakteristikSistemTerdistribusi

Hal yang diperhatikan dalam membangun sistem terdistribusi:

a. Transparency (Kejelasan)

b. Communication (Komunikasi)

c. Performance & Scalability (KinerjadanRuangLingkup)

d. Heterogenity(Keanekaragaman)

e. Opennes(Keterbukaan)

f. Reliability dan Fault Tolerancy(Kehandalan danToleransi Kegagalan)

g. Security (Kemanan)

Model dalamSistemTerdistribusi

a. Model Arsitektur(Architectural Models)

b. Model Interaksi(Interaction Models)

c. Model Kegagalan(Failure Models)

a. Architectural Models

Cara kerja antar komponen sistem dan bagaimana komponen tsb berada pada sistem terdistribusi:

- Client -Server Model

- Proxy Server

- Peer processes ( peer to peer )

Client-Server Model

Model client-server biasanya berbasiskan protokol request/reply.

Contoh: Implementasi RPC (Remote Procedure Calling) danRMI (Remote Method Invocation) :

• client mengirimkan request berupa pesan ke server untuk mengakses suatu service.
• server menerima pesan tersebut dan mengeksekusi request client dan mereply hasil ke client

Proxy Server

• menyediakan hasil copy (replikasi) dari resource yang diatur oleh server lain
• dipakai untuk menyimpan hasil copy web resources.
• Ketika client melakukan request kes erver, proxy server diperiksa apakah yang diminta oleh client terdapat pada proxy server.
• Diletakkan pada setiap client atau dapat dipakai bersama oleh beberapa client. Tujuannya adalah meningkatkan performance dan availibity dengan mencegah frekwensi akses ke server.

Peer Process

• Semua proses(object) mempunyai peranyang sama.
• Proses berinteraksi tanpa adanya perbedaan antara client dan server.
• Polakomunikasi yang digunakan berdasarkan aplikasi yang digunakan.
• •Merupakan model yang paling general dan fleksible.

b. Interaction  Models 

dibagi menjadi dua bagian:

• Synchronous distributed system
• Asynchronous distributed system Synchronous Distributed System
• Batas atas dan batas bawah waktu pengeksekusian dapat diset.
• Pesan yang dikirim, diterima dalam waktu yang sudah ditentukan
• Fluktuasi ukuran antara waktu lokal berada dalam suatu batasan.

Beberapa hal yang penting untuk diperhatikan synchronous distributed sistem:

• terdapat satu waktu global
• dapat memprediksi perilaku(waktu)
• dimungkinkan dan aman untuk menggunakan mekanisme timeout dalam mendekteksi error atau kegagalan dalam proses atau komunikasi

Asynchronous Distributed System

Banyak sistem terdistribusi yang  menggunakan model interaksi ini(termasuk Internet)

• Tidak ada batasan dalam waktu pengkeksekusian.
• Tidak ada batasan dalam delay transmission (penundaan pengiriman)
• Tidak ada batasan terhadap fluktuasi waktu local. Asynchronous system secara parktek lebih banyak digunakan.

c. Failure Models

Kegagalan apa saja yang dapat terjadi dan bagaimana efek yang ditimbulkan?

• Omission Faluires
• Arbitary Failures
• Timing Failures

Model Kegagalan (Failure Models) dibutuhkandalam membangun suatu sistem dengan prediksi terhadap kagagalan yang mungkin terjadi.

OmmisionFailures :

Ketika prosesor dan kanal komunikasi mengalami kegagalan untuk melakukan halyang seharusnya dilakukan.

Dikatakan tidak mempunyai ommision failures apabila:

•Terjadi keterlambatan (delayed) tetapi akhirnya tetap tereksekusi.

•Sebuah aksi dieksekusi walaupun terdapat kesalahan pada hasil.

Dengan synchronous system, ommision failures dapatdideteksi dengan timeouts.

ArbitaryFailures

• kegagalan yang paling buruk dalam sistem.
• Tahapan proses atau komunikasi diabaikan atau yang tidak diharapkan terjadi dieksekusi -> hasil yang diharapkan tidak terjadi atau megeluarkan hasil yang salah.

Timing Failures

• Dapat terjadi pada synchronous system, dimana batas waktu diatur untuk eksekusi proses, komunikasi dan fluktuasi waktu.
• Timing Failures terjadi apabila waktu yang telah ditentukan terlampaui.

Sumber : http://loveensimple.blogspot.com/2014/01/catatan-pengenalan-sistem-terdistribusi.html